Issues
Improving accessibility
The fundamental purpose of California's transportation system is
to provide opportunities to physically reach or access desired locations.
The more opportunities our citizens have to readily or easily reach
various social and economic activities, the greater the access. Access
is also often provided through telecommunications rather than physical
travel.
Reducing travel times
The average travel time between most origins and destinations
in the state is increasing due to growing congestion at an annual
rate of 10%. As an example, travelers in Los Angeles-Orange-Ventura
Counties, ranked #1 in the nation for urban congestion, spending
an average 82 hours a year stalled in traffic according to a recent
1999 Urban Mobility Study. Congestion affects the state's economic
competitiveness, as well as individual quality of life.
Improving trip reliability
Recent surveys show that transportation customers are
in some cases willing to accept congestion during peak periods, but
get increasingly frustrated if trip durations are highly variable.
Citizens seek reasonable and dependable levels of service by mode.
In transportation, variability is primarily a consequence of non-recurrent
delays. On the freeways, it may reflect incidents and the time to
manage them. In transit, it may reflect unanticipated breakdown of
equipment (e.g., buses, rail cars). Reducing variability is therefore
a function of reducing the instances of non-recurrent delays (e.g.,
through more intensive maintenance practices) and reducing the time
it takes to resolve such delays (e.g., through faster and more systematic
incident management).
Reducing transportation costs
Transportation costs are an element of every California household
budget. To reduce the cost of travel, California must maximize
the current and future benefits from public and private transportation
investments.
Congestion increases the costs for travelers and shippers
in terms extended travel time, increased fuel consumption in stop-and-go
traffic, and lost productivity of people. Travelers in Los Angeles,
for instance, waste 120 gallons of fuel ($1,370) per driver when
stalled in traffic according to the Texas Transportation Institute
who studied 68 0f America’s most congested cities over a
15-year period. Accidents result in additional losses through injuries
and fatalities and damage to personal property. Shippers lose productivity
and profits when goods cannot reach the marketplace on time, in
addition to the cost to the driver and equipment while idling in
slow-moving traffic.
Improving safety and security
Minimizing the risk of death, injury, or property loss is California's
greatest transportation challenge.
While fatality and injury rates
have declined substantially over the past 10 years, they are no
longer declining. Throughout California, one out of every 59 licensed
drivers is involved in a fatal or injury accident. California has
not had a day without a fatality on the state highways since May
1, 1991. Although only 28 percent of driving miles are at night,
more than half of all motor vehicle deaths occur at night. Drivers
under age 30 account for only 23% of licensed drivers, yet account
for 35% of all drivers involved in fatal and injury accidents.
Other
concerns have surfaced as well. Riders using public transportation
are concerned with the rising crime rate and their perceived vulnerability
in public areas. Travelers in rural areas face more environmental
hazards (fog, dust, snow) than metropolitan drivers, and often express
concern about the length of time required for notification and response
to accidents. Other considerations include law enforcement officials
who are concerned with the security of data and emergency activities,
and transportation officials who find it necessary to ensure that
personal data collected and stored is secure and not used improperly.
Improving user satisfaction
To date, California has invested an estimated $1 trillion in transportation
facilities and vehicles (exclusive of right of way). Citizens expect
this investment to provide transportation choices that are safe,
convenient, affordable, comfortable, and meet their needs.
Improving the environment
Congestion has a direct impact on the environment by creating pollution
that impacts the air and water quality. California is home to four
of the nation’s worst air quality cities, and a recent Urban
Mobility Study ranked four urban areas in California in the top 68
most congested cities in the nation.
California's transportation investments
should help to maintain and enhance the quality of the natural and
human environment.
Improving transportation equity
The burden and benefits of transportation investments should be distributed
fairly among all ethnic, age, and income groups. "Social Equity" in
transportation is a concept that means the needs of the disadvantaged
be adequately considered in transportation policy and infrastructure
development.
Enhancing economic vitality
California has the 7th largest economy in the world and conducts trade
with many nations - particularly with Canada, Mexico and the Pacific
Rim countries. Its transportation system is the foundation of its
economic vitality - moving workers to jobs, tourists to destinations,
and goods to market by rail, air, land and sea. The increasing congestion
in many metropolitan cities restricts commerce by delaying goods
and services - and the workers that produce, ship and market those
goods and services.
The vision to enhance California’s economic vitality involves
two specific goals that are already beginning to have an effect on
our state. One is to make better use of the valuable public infrastructure
investment by applying cost-effective technological advances using
computers, electronics and communications. The other is to support
an evolving California advanced transportation technology industry
that is projected to contribute $11 billion to California’s
economy over the next 10 years.
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